Creating pottery using the coil building method offers a unique blend of tradition and creativity. The coil technique involves rolling and stacking ropes of clay to form intricate and freeform shapes. This method not only gives you the artistic freedom to design various pottery forms but also adds a personal touch to each piece.
Coil building is perfect for beginners, as it allows for flexibility in shaping and joining the clay coils. The slow drying process of the coils helps in reducing cracking and breakage, making it a forgiving method for those new to pottery. You will find this method both engaging and rewarding, with endless possibilities for adding texture and design.
As you roll out coils and stack them to create your pottery, you’ll discover the joy of seeing your ideas take shape. This hands-on approach not only helps you understand the basics of pottery but also encourages you to experiment with different techniques and styles. Whether you’re aiming to create functional pieces or decorative art, the coil building method provides a versatile and enjoyable way to express your creativity.
Fundamentals of Coil Building
Coil building is an essential technique for creating intricate pottery pieces. This method involves rolling clay into coils and stacking them to craft various forms.
Understanding the Coil Building Process
Coil building starts with rolling out clay into long, rope-like pieces known as coils. These coils are then stacked and joined to form the walls of your pottery piece.
To start, you first create the base of your pot, often by rolling a slab of clay and cutting it into the desired shape. Then, you begin adding coils on top, carefully blending each one into the previous layer to ensure stability.
As you build, you can use tools like a serrated rib or a paddle to smooth and shape the pottery. Consistent pressure is key to avoid cracks and breaks in your coiled pots.
You can create simple coil pots or more complex, decorative shapes by experimenting with different techniques like pinching, scoring, and slipping.
Types of Clay for Coil Pottery
The type of clay you use significantly impacts your coiling results. Earthenware clay is a popular choice for beginners due to its plasticity and ease of use. It is ideal for making small to medium-sized pots.
For more advanced projects, consider stoneware or grogged clay. Stoneware is durable and less prone to chipping. Grogged clay contains small bits of fired clay, known as grog, which add strength and reduce shrinking during drying and firing.
When choosing clay, consider the final use of the pot. Earthenware is good for decorative pieces, while stoneware is better for functional items like mugs and bowls.
Preparation and Tools
To create a successful coil pottery piece, you need to prepare your clay properly and use the right tools. This section will guide you through the essential steps and tools needed for the coil building method.
Preparing Clay and Building Basics
Before you start, you’ll need soft clay. Begin by wedging it on a clay wedging board to eliminate air bubbles, which can cause problems later.
Next, roll out a slab of clay for the base of your pot. You can use a rolling pin on a canvas surface to prevent sticking, or a slab roller if you have one.
When forming coils, keep them uniform. Coils should be the same thickness as the base, usually about the width of your pinky finger.
Moisture content is vital. Use a spray bottle to keep the clay soft and pliable. Cover unused clay with plastic wrap to maintain its moisture.
Essential Tools for Coil Pottery
You’ll need a few essential tools to shape and refine your coil pottery effectively.
- Clay Knife: Used for cutting clay slabs and trimming coils.
- Modeling Tools: Essential for smoothing and shaping the clay.
- Rib Tools: A rubber rib or wooden rib helps to shape and smooth out the coils.
- Wooden and Plastic Tools: Aid in blending and securing the joints between coils.
- Loop Tools: Useful for hollowing out and refining the shape.
- Scraper: Helps in smoothing the surface.
- Sponge: Keeps the clay surface moist and smooth.
- Spray Bottle: Maintains the right moisture level while working.
Place these tools within easy reach to enhance your workflow and efficiency. Aim to maintain steady pressure when joining coils to ensure a seamless and durable pottery piece.
Techniques for Coil Construction
Coil pottery allows you to create unique and personalized designs. You will need to focus on forming and joining coils, and then finish them using various tools to create a polished look.
Forming and Joining Coils
Start by rolling clay into ropes or snakes. These should be consistently thick to ensure even wall thickness. Use your thumb and index finger to roll the clay on a flat surface.
Once the coils are ready, you can begin stacking them. To join coils securely, you must score and slip. Use a needle tool to score the edges where the coils will join. Then, apply slip (a mixture of clay and water) to these scored areas to bond the coils together. This step prevents cracking and separation during drying and firing.
Smooth the seams with your fingers or a small tool. Consistent wall thickness helps in preventing cracks and enhances the overall strength of the pot. Large jars may require more attention to keeping the coils aligned to avoid bulging.
Finishing Techniques and Tool Use
After the basic shape is formed, you can finish the pot by blending and smoothing the coils. Use a paddle and a puki (a support form) to shape and smoothen the surface. A banding wheel helps in turning the pot evenly while working on it.
Next, use tools like ribs and sponges for fine details. Ensure that air bubbles are eliminated by pressing and blending. Slip can be applied for additional decoration or to fill in any gaps.
Once the pot reaches a leather-hard stage, you can refine its surface further by scraping or carving. Before drying and firing, ensure all seams and joints are smooth and well-blended. This attention to detail results in a strong, aesthetically pleasing pot.
Drying, Firing, and Beyond
Effective drying and firing are crucial steps in coil pottery, ensuring your piece maintains its integrity and achieves desired decorative finishes.
Ensuring Structural Integrity
Drying is essential to prevent your coil pottery from cracking. To do this, cover your piece with plastic to slow the drying process. This is especially important for materials like porcelain, known to crack easily. Regularly check for moisture levels, ensuring even drying by turning or rotating the piece.
Tools for smoothing:
- Surform: For refining shapes.
- Wooden spatula: To smooth and join coils.
In regions like Africa and Asia, traditional hand-built pottery showcases the significance of proper drying and construction.
Decorative Techniques and Glazing
Once dried, firing in a kiln solidifies the clay. Before firing, you can add decorative elements by carving, adding colored slips, or burnishing. Glazing follows after the bisque firing, adding color and waterproofing.
Steps:
- Apply glaze evenly.
- Ensure the piece is clean before glazing.
Each firing step’s temperature and duration affect the final outcome. Understanding these elements allows you to create durable and beautiful hand-built pottery pieces.